A Dialogue with a Saudi Muslim (6)

• Part One, which has a brief Introduction
• Part Two
• Part Three
• Part Four
• Part Five

Soliman al-Buthe (or al-Buthi) wrote an Open Letter to Congress in 2005. Then he initiated a dialogue with me, so we decided on this sequence.

1. In 2005, I commented and asked questions about the Open Letter (in blue).

2. In that same year, months later, Mr. al-Buthe answered my questions and challenged me on various issues (in green). He sought the advice of Saudi religious scholars, as well.

3. Finally, in 2006, I reply to his challenges and questions (in black). Sometimes I embed this in our 2005 dialogue. I too receive help from colleagues.

This part completes the seven questions and concerns found in Part Five.

"The Church Report magazine is pleased to announce the 50 Most Influential Christians in America. (Please see The 50 Most Influential Christians in America.)

"The staff of The Church Report is pleased to name President George W. Bush as this year’s most influential Christian. Whether battling terrorism, securing funds for the Faith-Based Initiative Program or comforting injured soldiers at Walter Reed Hospital, President Bush exemplifies the qualities of being a Christian and a leader. Even when faced with difficult decisions that may not always be the most popular ones at the time, the President stands firm in his faith and strong in his convictions."

Just recently the news media carried the story that Bush said that God instructed him to bomb Afghanistan and invade Iraq.

JA: The link you provide says nothing about "fundamentalism." President Bush is a Methodist. The denomination is liberal. It is true that the President takes his faith seriously (perhaps more so than some of his critics on the Religious Left), but this does not mean that he is a fundamentalist.

As for the report that God told Bush to "bomb Afghanistan" and "invade Iraq," the source of this report is a Palestinian who may be motivated to make the President look bad. In any case, the White House denies that the President made the comment. The American news media are made up mostly of left-of-center reporters and writers. (Ninety percent of them voted for democratic President Clinton in 1996.) They despise President Bush ("despise" is not too strong a word). If his alleged statement were true, the media would have taken advantage of it, but it was not a concern over here in the US. Bush has said repeatedly that he wants only to spread democracy and to clean up the breeding grounds of terrorism.

JA: My comment here comes in four numbered points.

(1) First, you say that Muslims may marry "their women," meaning Christian and Jewish women. It is equally true that Christian or Jewish men are not permitted by sharia (Islamic law) to marry Muslim women. So the marriages go in only one direction, which puts Muslim men in control, according to traditional Islam. Please see my article on Muslim-Christian marriages, here.

Second, you say that Islam never advocates the indiscriminant killing of Jews and Christians. In reply, however, the Quran endorses the mass execution of Qurayza men and pubescent boys and the mass enslavement of the women and children, after the Battle of the Trench in AD 627. Sura 33:25-26 says:

33:25 And Allah turned back the unbelievers in their rage; they did not obtain any advantage, and Allah sufficed the believers in fighting; and Allah is Strong, Mighty. 26 And He drove down those of the followers of the Book who backed them from their fortresses and He cast awe into their hearts; some you killed and you took captive another part. (Shakir)

What could be more "indiscriminant" than killing a whole tribe, that is, every one of the boys and men? For Muhammad’s troubled relations with the Jews of Medina, see this article. For his massacre of the Qurayza Jews of Medina, go here. I have read Muslim explanations for the massacre, but they do not hold up, in my opinion.

(2) You write, "It is a well-known historical fact (which many orthodox Jews admit) that the Jews were never treated better or with more tolerance anywhere in the world than during the days of the Muslim Empire." In reply, no one should deny simple facts. Sometimes a Muslim ruler was kind to Jews (and Christians), but the full story is that sometimes a ruler was oppressive. Andrew Bostom, author of The Legacy of Jihad, says that the Jews suffered or prospered under specific Ottoman rulers.

Three summary conclusions are drawn by [Joseph] Hacker [a present-day scholar]: (i) Strong anti-Ottoman feelings prevailed in some Byzantine Jewish circles in the first decades after the fall of Constantinople.  These feelings were openly expressed by people living under Latin rule and to some extent even in Istanbul; (ii) Mehmed II’s policies toward non-Muslims made possible the substantial economic and social development of the Jewish communities in the empire, and especially in the capital – Istanbul.  These communities were protected by him against popular hatred, and especially from blood libels. However, this policy was not continued by Bayezid II and there is evidence that under his rule the Jews suffered severe restrictions in their religious life; (iii) The friendly policies of Mehmed on the one hand, and the good reception by Bayezid II of Spanish Jewry on the other, cause the Jewish writers of the sixteenth century to overlook both the destruction which Byzantine Jewry suffered during the Ottoman conquests and the later outbursts of oppression under both Bayezid II and Selim I.   (Source)

Next, Bostom reports on the indiscriminant killing of Jews and others in Palestine and the wholesale destruction of churches, synagogues, and towns, during the Caliphate of Umar (r. 634-644):

The entire Gaza region up to Cesarea was sacked and devastated in the campaign of 634, which included the slaughter of four thousand Jewish, Christian, and Samaritan peasants. Villages in the Negev were also pillaged, and towns such as Jerusalem, Gaza, Jaffa, Cesarea, Nablus, and Beth Shean were isolated. In his sermon on the Day of the Epiphany 636, Sophronius, Patriarch of Jerusalem, bewailed the destruction of the churches and monasteries, the sacked towns and villages, and the fields laid waste by the invaders. Thousands of people perished in 639, victims of the famine and plague wrought by this wanton destruction.

The Muslim historian Baladhuri (d. 892 C.E.) maintained that 30,000 Samaritans and 20,000 Jews lived in Caesarea alone just prior to the Arab Muslim conquest; afterward, all evidence of them disappears. Archaeological data confirms the lasting devastation wrought by these initial jihad conquests, particularly the widespread destruction of synagogues and churches from the Byzantine era, whose remnants are still being unearthed. The total number of towns was reduced from fifty-eight to seventeen in the red sand hills and swamps of the western coastal plain (i.e., the Sharon). (Source)

A Saudi Christian adds: "If it is true that Islam tolerated the Jews and treated them better, then why are not there any Jews left in Arabia after Islam began?"

In citing these two articles, my goal is to balance out your positive picture with hard reality. Please see Robert Spencer’s book The Myth of Islamic Tolerance.

(3) Five quick responses to your bringing up the holocaust: First, yes, it is true that the holocaust occurred in the West. But the leaders of Turkey committed genocide against the Armenians. Clearly, Hitler caused more deaths, but the Armenian genocide is an atrocity, also. Second, your use of the word "West" is too broad, and "Christian" is wrong. Hitler and his Nazi regime did not speak, for example, for the German Confessing Church which opposed him. (See their Barmen Declaration which opposed the "Reich Church.") Some members of the Confessing Church were imprisoned and killed. Third, Hitler and his leaders were pagans (of sorts) or atheists, not Christians. Even if they were to claim Christianity, their version does not fit the New Testament’s definition of the term. Fourth, it is the Allies, also members of the West, who provided the liberation and the remedy toward the end of the Second World War. Finally, it seems that some Muslims would like to carry out genocide today.

The President of Iran, Mahmoud Ahmadinejad, says that Israel must be "wiped off the map."

Next, one of Ahmadinejad’s advisors says that the "Holocaust issue will result in the destruction of Israel."

On June 9, 2006, the reformist online daily Rooz reported that during a visit with students at Gilan University in Rasht, Iran, Mohammad Ali Ramin, advisor to Iranian president Mahmoud Ahmadinejad, discussed historical accusations against the Jews and questioned the Holocaust.

"Claiming that the Holocaust was the principal reason why Palestine was occupied while Israel was the main cause of crises and catastrophe in the Middle East. 'So long as Israel exists in the region there will never be peace and security in the Middle East,' he said adding, 'So the resolution of the Holocaust issue will end in the destruction of Israel.' (Source)

The Saudi friend reminds us of these verses: "Compare that to what Psalm 83:1-5 says about Israel." The verses promise protection of his chosen people.

But what about today in Saudi Arabia? Here are some of the topics preached in main mosques:

Friday Sermons in Saudi Mosques: Review and Analysis

• Part I - 'The Christians and the Jews are "Infidels," "Enemies of Allah"'
• Part II - 'Jews - The Descendants of Pigs and Apes'
• Part III - 'It is Impossible to Make Peace With the Jews'
• Part IV - 'Muslims Must Educate Their Children to Jihad… and to Hatred of Jews and Christians'
• Part V - 'The Palestinian Struggle Must be An Islamic Jihad'
• Part VI - 'Muslim Women's Rights are a Western Ploy to Destroy Islam'
• APPENDIX - About Al-Minbar

(Source; this link also has further ones to various sermons in the footnotes.)

Whether these preachers of hatred, regression, and bigotry are Wahhabi or not is irrelevant to me. The bedrock fact is this: these are the views of religious leaders who preach in main mosques throughout Saudi Arabia. None of this comes from obscure, violent radicals hidden away in a mountain range.

The Saudi friend adds:

When I used to go to the mosque on Fridays, it was no more than a rally speech that ignited hatred in you towards those who do not believe in Allah, including the Christians and the Jews. In fact, historically, the Friday prayer was used by Muhammad and his followers as a means to encourage his followers to fight by reminding them of their earthly and heavenly rewards, a tradition that is still being carried out to this day in many mosques, especially in Saudi Arabia, including their Holy Mosque in Mecca. And in Ramadan, there is a tradition called, "The conclusion of the Quran prayer," which takes place on the 27^th or the 28^th day of the month, which by then the Imam would have read the entire Quran (usually starting with Chapter one on the 1^st day of the month and continuing throughout, to the last chapter on the 27^th day). After the Imam concludes the Quran, he begins a prayer, in which he calls the Christians and the Jews the enemies of Allah and asks Allah to destroy them by the hands of the Muslims. This is normally done in Ramadan – the so called "Holy Month."

(4) These hadiths that say that stones and trees will cry out that Jews are hiding behind them, so they should be killed, are used often by radicals to drum up hatred of the Jews generally, not only of specific Jews who commit aggression against Muslims. I have too often heard the explanation from Muslim apologists (defenders) that if early Islam or the Quran says to fight, then it is always the fault of their opponents, who are always the aggressors. It seems that Islam can do no wrong even though plain reason says that it has sometimes been aggressive. In any case, the following radical leaders (not just obscure crackpots) do not make such fine distinctions.

The following [is an excerpt] from a television program with Sheikh Yousef Al-Qaradhawi, aired on Qatar TV on February 25, 2006. Sheikh Al-Qaradhawi is head of the European Council for Fatwa and Research, president of the International Association of Muslim Scholars (IAMS), and the spiritual guide of many other Islamist organizations across the world, including the Muslim Brotherhood.

"Everything will be on our side and against Jews on [Judgment Day]; at that time, even the stones and the trees will speak, with or without words, and say: 'Oh servant of Allah, oh Muslim, there's a Jew behind me, come and kill him.' (Source)

The next example repeats the first, but from a Palestinian:

The following [is an excerpt] from this week's official Friday sermon on Palestinian Authority (PA) TV [on May 17, 2005]. The preacher is Sheik Ibrahim Mudeiris, a paid employee of the PA.

The day will come when everything will be relieved of the Jews - even the stones and trees which were harmed by them. Listen to the Prophet Muhammad, who tells you about the evil end that awaits Jews. The stones and trees will want the Muslims to finish off every Jew." (Source)

Finally, on May 4, 2005, Egyptian cleric Sheik Mahmoud Al-Masri says this about Jews generally.

The Prophet said, as reported in the book of Al-Muslim: "Judgment day will not come until the Muslims fight the Jews, and the Muslims kill the Jews, and then the Jews will hide behind stones and trees, and Allah will make the stones and trees speak, saying: 'Oh Muslim, the servant of Allah, there is a Jew behind me, come and kill him', except for the Gharqad tree, which is the tree of the Jews." Since the Jews believe the Prophet Muhammad, they have planted Gharqad trees throughout Palestine. (Source)

These three "Jew haters" do not come from Saudi Arabia, but they represent a deep prejudice against Jews among many Arabs, including Saudis. For example, this is a series of broadcasts on Saudi IQRA TV, about an especially wicked Jew in Muhammad’s day. TV programs like this only reinforce "Jew hatred." Next, one Saudi journalist is baffled by the extent of the "tremendous" hatred of Jews in his home country. Finally, these quick interviews with "the man on the street" aired on IQRA TV. Every one of them despises Jews and would not even shake their hand. The Jews are the "eternal enemies," say two Muslims. Saudis or not, the fact that these interviews were aired on IQRA TV fuels the fire of hatred in your country. But what about free speech? It could be said that IQRA TV is following this principle. In reply, are opposite views expressed? How much time does IQRA TV give to them?

Mr. al-Buthi, will widespread and vocal "Jew hatred" ever stop in the Arab Muslim world? I really hope so.

JA: I appreciate your assertion that Muslims do "not seek the creation of circumstances that materialize these prophecies; rather, we are told to believe and deal with the prophecies as they are fulfilled." This is precisely what prophecy-believing Christians do, contrary to what your linked article says. It may be true that some Christians become extreme in their beliefs, but they do not represent the mainstream. All religions have the overzealous.

Those Christians aside, I have kept track of some End Time prophecy teachers, and they do not want to bring about the end of the world. However, they indeed support Israel in practical ways, such as donations to various organizations. Why? They believe that a large army will line up to attack the Jewish State of Israel. Many of these Bible prophecy teachers now believe that Islamic nations may be involved in the final battle. After reading the quotations of "Jew hatred" in the previous section, above, who can blame them for their belief? It seems that the "Jew hatred" of many Muslim leaders gives the "End Time" Christians cause for concern.

However, these Christians do not believe that they can speed up the Last Day, when Christ returns. This is an interview of David Brog by Ed Lasky, two Jews, not Christians, who are enquiring into Christian Evangelical support for Israel.

David Brog is the author of the book Standing with Israel: Why Christians Support the Jewish State. He attended Princeton University and Harvard Law School, served as an executive at America Online, and practiced corporate law. He has recently been the Chief of Staff for Senator Arlen Specter (Pennsylvania).

Lasky asks Brog about the motives of these Christians. Do the motives include, at least in part, the belief that they can speed up the Second Coming? Brog replies:

Christians do believe that the return of Jews to their ancestral land is a "sign of the times," i.e. a sign that the Second Coming may be drawing near.  Yet this does not mean that Christians believe that they can speed the Second Coming by accelerating the pace of this return.  Christian theology is clear that man cannot speed the Second Coming.  Even Jesus said, "But of that day and hour no one knows, not even the angels of heaven, but My Father only." If one cannot speed the Second Coming, then Christian beliefs about the end times cannot serve as a motive for supporting Israel – there would be no cause and effect.  One has to look elsewhere for Christian motives, namely to the many clear promises in Genesis.

This point is easily demonstrated through the analogy you reference above.  Christians believe that another "sign of the times" is the growing moral decay of society.  In other words, society’s abandonment of traditional morality and embrace vice and sin it is a sign that the Second Coming is drawing near.  If Christians truly believed that they could speed the Second Coming by encouraging the various signs of the times, then Christians would be out there accelerating America’s moral decay by opening brothels and casinos.  Instead (and to the chagrin of many liberals), evangelicals are actively fighting all aspects of what they view as the moral decay in society, from pornography to abortion to gay marriage.  This evangelical moral activism simply doesn’t make sense if their action in the world is motivated by the desire to incubate the various signs of the times. (Source)

Brog, who is not a Christian, it must be emphasized, is one hundred percent correct. No practical effort will speed up the Second Coming. In fact, these prophecy-believing Christians often say that prophetic events are now happening rapidly. This means that the believers do not need to do anything to hasten them. At the same time, however, they work hard at supporting Israel in practical ways because of the blessing of Abraham (Genesis 12:3), which says that all nations will be blessed by God’s promise of support for his nation, and because of the imminent danger it always faces. In supporting Israel, these Christians believe that they are following God, according to the Bible.

They certainly do not want to cause or get involved in a nuclear conflagration, as Dr. al-Hawali seems to say in his radical pamphlet. He has extreme views, which are not adequately researched in the first place, regardless of his specific religious affiliation. He is also a scholar at a Saudi University, which means his prejudices have some influence.

JA: The belief that the Gospels are historically inauthentic is widespread among Muslims, but it is factually erroneous. I have already presented some evidence of their historical authenticity in Part Two (scroll down to "Is the Bible reliable and accurate?") and in Part Three (scroll down to Point D).

The New Testament manuscripts far outnumber other manuscript traditions of ancient non-Christian books. And the chronological gap between the New Testament manuscripts and the events themselves and original writings is much, much shorter. This short article has a Comparative Table of New Testament and non-Christian manuscripts.

In the link to Part Two, above, I also challenge the incorruptibility and absolute historical purity of the Quran (scroll down to "Is the Quran pure and uncorrupted?"). It is beyond belief, swerving over into childlike naïveté, to assume without checking the facts that the Quran came out of the ancient world perfectly preserved after its journey through history. This report says that 15,000 sheets of some Qurans were discovered in 1972. But the Muslim authorities will not allow their publication. What are they afraid of?

JA: First, it is unclear to me why the Christian belief in the Son of God is "harmful." Surely this doctrine does not, by itself and of necessity, translate into physical and material harm in some way, does it? I would not say that tauhid (strict oneness) causes "harm" by itself and of necessity. Perhaps you mean "harm" in the afterlife. However, since I am unclear on what you mean by the word in this context, I pass to the next issue.

Second, one of the main "arguments" that the Quran puts forward against Jesus being the Son of God is the mere assertion that God must have a wife or consort to beget a child. This has already been answered in Part Two, under the section "Does the Quran have a mysterious mother?" This Quranic assertion seems to be culture bound. That is, Muhammad seems to be reacting against seventh-century Arab polytheism, which says that the gods have children because of marriage or sex. Both notions, one in the Quran and the other in Arab polytheism, are rejected by Christian theology.

JA: I must be honest here. This is a strange and farfetched belief. The Quran says that Jesus was made to appear to be crucified, but he was not actually crucified, according to Sura 4:157, which reads:

4:157 That they [the Jews] said (in boast), "We killed Christ Jesus the son of Mary, the Messenger of Allah";- but they killed him not, nor crucified him, but so it was made to appear to them, and those who differ therein are full of doubts, with no (certain) knowledge, but only conjecture to follow, for of a surety they killed him not:- (Yusuf Ali)

What is so interesting about this verse is the epistemology behind it. (Epistemology studies how we acquire our knowledge.) The relevant phrase says about those who are full of doubts about Muhammad’s declaration of the non-crucifixion: the doubters are "with no (certain) knowledge, but only conjecture to follow." Muhammad lived six hundred years after Jesus. The prophet of Islam was no scholar or historian or researcher. Therefore, how is he so certain ("of a surety") about his belief that Christ was not actually crucified? A revelation or historical evidence? How are Muslims so certain that Jesus "left Jerusalem alive"? A revelation in the Quran or historical evidence? Incidentally, the Quran does not explicitly say that Jesus left Jerusalem alive, but since we are now in the world of imagination, this alternative to the crucifixion is as good as any.

However, even the harshest critics of the New Testament do not deny that Christ was crucified. They may doubt his bodily resurrection or his miracles, such as walking on water, but his crucifixion? None of them doubt this.

For more criticism of this "revelation" in the Quran, please see this article. I have a short section on the topic in this article. It advances the idea that Muhammad may have picked up his belief in the mere appearance (not reality) of the crucifixion from Docetism, which had been circulating along the trade routes in the greater Mediterranean world for centuries. Docetism comes from the Greek word meaning "to seem" or "to appear."

JA: Much of your allusion to Sura 3:49 agrees with the New Testament, except for Jesus speaking as a baby. This comes from the apocryphal gospels. See my article here, which shows that Muhammad claims revelations about events in young Mary’s life (see Sura 3:44) and, by extension, in the life of baby Jesus. But the evidence says that the Quran gets this specific information from non-canonical gospels. It is true that a few New Testament authors quote a line or two from non-Christian Greek poets, but the authors do not claim that they got this specific information only from Gabriel or only from a heightened state of ecstatic inspiration. Nor, especially, do they claim that they knew, whether by inspiration or Gabriel or other means, anything about the childhood of the Greek poets whom they cite.

JA: I have read your article. Again, Muhammad lived six hundred years after Jesus. So how does the prophet of Islam receive this specific knowledge about Jesus? From historical research, down here on earth? From fragments of knowledge and stories circulating over the trade routes for centuries? From a revelation? I prefer the teaching of the New Testament. These authors were apostles who knew Jesus up close and personal, or they came under the authority of the apostolic community. They had clear and direct knowledge of the events in Christ’s life.

And now it becomes clear why polemical Muslims must discredit the New Testament, which has passed the test of the severest of criticisms from western scholars. I again quote from these two reputable ones:

The overwhelming majority of the text of the Greek New Testament is firmly established. Where uncertainties remain, in no case is any doctrinal matter at issue. (D.A. Carson and Douglas J. Moo, An Introduction to the New Testament, 2^nd ed. Zondervan, 2005, p. 30)

But this historical authenticity does not deter polemical and missionary Muslims. Why not? The Quran and the New Testament contradict each other on essential doctrines about Christ. So they believe that the Quran—it must be believed!—corrects the New Testament, even though the New Testament is much, much closer to the life of Christ than the Quran is.

In a certain sense, I am glad that Muslims love Jesus. And your article shows respect for him. However, since Islam came six hundred years after him, the Quran and the hadith are confused about him, as revealed in the following list, taken from the Conclusion of a long article. In most cases, each point (or two or three) alternates between one Islamic doctrine and an opposite one or an outright contradiction (note the first two, for example).

Sam Shamoun concludes from his research:

1. The Quran denies that Jesus is God or the Son of God.
2. At the same time the Quran applies specific titles and functions to Jesus which clearly show that he is more than human, strongly supporting his Divinity and prehuman existence.
3. The Quran says that those objects that are wrongly worshiped by others are unable to create, therefore disqualifying them from being worthy of such adoration and devotion.
4. Jesus, on the other hand, creates in the same way that Allah creates which shows that he is worthy of the very worship and praise due to Allah.
5. The Quran denies that Allah has granted immortality to anyone.
6. Yet the Quran says that Jesus ascended into heaven without dying, and was neither killed nor crucified, meaning that for over 2,000 years he has remained alive!
7. The Quran suggests, with the Islamic narrations making this point explicit, that Jesus will return to the earth as a sign that the last hour is at hand.
8. It also teaches that all the Jews and Christians will believe in Jesus before he dies, which will presumably take place after his second coming.
9. But at the same time the Quran says that Jesus died already, which must have obviously happened prior to his ascension into heaven.
10. Still others believe that specific verses, namely Suras 3:55 and 5:117, teach that Jesus' earthly sojourn was terminated, was completed without dying when Allah took Jesus alive to be with himself, to be in the very presence of Allah.
11. This means that Jesus will not return since the period of his stay on earth has come to an end, thereby implying that there is no need for him to come back again.
12. But if Jesus was taken physically alive into heaven because his earthly mission was completed, which implies that he will not to return, then this contradicts the Quran's teaching that every person must taste death.
13. Not only is the Quran confused and contradictory with itself, even the so-called sound narrations are contradicting it, especially in relation to Jesus being taken alive to be with Allah himself. The hadiths deny that Jesus was taken to be with Allah since they claim that he was taken into the second heaven instead.
14. Furthermore, as we already mentioned, the narrations also speak of Christ returning which means that Jesus' earthly period wasn't complete but had to be extended to a future date. (Source)

This list of contradictions in the Quran and hadith concerning Christ should surprise no one. Muhammad’s information came from "revelations" or various, incomplete beliefs about Christianity circulating around the trade routes, or an unclear knowledge of the New Testament itself. Muhammad was not a scholar, so we should not imagine him poring over dusty papyri or other manuscripts, for hours. He learned scraps of ideas. Also, his later followers added to the confusion and contradictions in their reports about his words and deeds, collected afterwards, as they related traditions about Christ.

Mr. al-Buthi, your article on Muslims believing in an Islamic Jesus is based on the Quran. This means that the article has presuppositions that are not founded on the best source for the life of Christ: the New Testament. For my part, I’ll stay with it. It is historically reliable, authentic, and closer to his life. I have never seen any solid reason to prefer the Quranic version of Jesus over the report of those who saw him and lived with him.

The Saudi friend adds:

All of these contradictions and confusion in Islam and its teachings demonstrate that in no way do this religion and its teachings have any divine nature. Further, why would God wait some 600 years after the time of Christ to correct any wrong teachings by the Apostles of Christ? Next, the Quran quotes from the Bible at the time of Muhammad. This means that it approves of the teaching of the Gospel up to that time, fourteen hundred years ago. Ironically, when the Quran quotes from the New Testament, it uses a parable of our Lord Jesus Christ from the Gospel of Mark (cf. Sura 48:29 and Mark 4:26-28). Therefore, if the Gospels are not reliable, then why quote from them to begin with? And where is the true Gospel that Islam claims to have existed? Who is better than God himself to point out this Gospel and show it to Muhammad, if he was indeed was a prophet of God?

Please continue with Part Seven.

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